Microsurfacing is a mixture of polymer modified asphalt emulsion, aggregate and filler, and water that is mixed and applied in two passes with the specialized equipment shown. The first pass is designed to smooth out surface irregularities and fill ruts prior to application of the surface course. It will accept traffic within one hour after application under most conditions.

In addition to filling ruts, microsurfacing can be used as a preventive maintenance treatment to seal the pavement from intrusion of water and reduce oxidation, weathering and raveling of the surface. Also it provides excellent skid resistance.